The secrets of underground medicine ...used book
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And just like today’s networked radicals, much of their power was wrapped up in their ability to stay anonymous and keep their communications secret.
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It wasn’t an accident that Voltaire, George Washington, and Ben Franklin were all active members. They elected their own leaders and drew up constitutions to govern their operations. These societies were the incubators of democracy, modern science, and ecumenical religion.
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Back then, many of these societies served as safe spaces for open dialogue about everything from academia to religious discourse, removed from the restrictive eye of the church and state. The order is just one of many clandestine organizations that exist today, though the popularity of these secret clubs peaked in the 18th and 19th centuries, writes Noah Shachtman for Wired. After the organization denied membership to Nazis, notably military leader Hermann Goering, Hitler dissolved it, but the order reemerged after World War II, and an American chapter was founded in the late 1960s. Hubertus, was incorporated by Count Anton von Sporck in 1695 and was originally intended to gather “the greatest noble hunters of the 17th Century, particularly in Bohemia, Austria and countries of the Austro Hungarian Empire, ruled by the Habsburgs,” according to its official website. The fraternity in question, International Order of St. When the Washington Post broke the story last month that Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia spent his final hours in the company of members of a secret society for elite hunters, people instantly wanted to know more about the group. This illustration, entitled "THE MARCH TO DEATH," depicts Molly Maguire members on the way to the gallows in Pottsville, Pennsylvania.īy their very name, secret societies inspire curiosity, fascination and distrust.